How The Spine Works

The Spinal Column

The spinal column is made up of 33 individual bones called vertebrae. These bones are stacked on top of each other to form a flexible rod that runs down the back of the body. The vertebrae are divided into five regions:

• Cervical spine: This is the neck region of the spine, which consists of 7 vertebrae.
• Thoracic spine: This is the middle region of the spine, which consists of 12 vertebrae.
• Lumbar spine: This is the lower back region of the spine, which consists of 5 vertebrae.
• Sacrum: This is a triangular-shaped bone that is made up of 5 fused vertebrae.
• Coccyx: This is a small, tail-like bone that is made up of 4 fused vertebrae.

Important Structures Of The Spine

In addition to the vertebrae, there are a number of other important structures that make up the spine. These include:

• Nerves: The spine protects and encases the spinal cord, which is a bundle of nerves that connects the brain to the rest of the body. The spinal cord sends and receives signals from the brain, allowing us to control our movements and sensations.
• Discs: Between each vertebra is a soft, gel-like cushion called a disc. Discs act as shock absorbers and help to keep the vertebrae from rubbing against each other.
• Joints and Ligaments: The spine also contains a number of joints and ligaments that help to support and stabilise it.

How The Spine Works

The spine has a number of important functions, including:

• Support and Structure: The spine provides support and structure for the body, allowing us to stand upright and move freely.
• Protection: The spine protects the spinal cord and other delicate structures within the body.
• Movement: The spine allows us to move and bend our bodies in a variety of ways.

Tips for Maintaining a Healthy Spine and Avoiding Injury

• Maintain a healthy weight: Excess weight can put extra stress on the spine and lead to problems such as back pain and arthritis.
• Exercise regularly: Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles that support the spine and improve flexibility.
• Lift with your legs, not your back: When lifting heavy objects, bend down at the knees and keep your back straight. Avoid twisting your back while lifting.
• Maintain good posture: Good posture helps to keep the spine in alignment and reduce stress on the back.
• Listen to your body: If you are experiencing back pain, rest and avoid activities that aggravate the pain. If the pain is severe or persistent, see a doctor.

The spine is a vital part of our overall health and well-being. By understanding how the spine works and taking steps to keep it healthy, we can reduce our risk of back pain and injury.